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Fairfield is a western suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Fairfield is located 29 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district and is the administrative centre for the local government area of the City of Fairfield and is also partly in the local government area of the City of Holroyd. Fairfield is one of the most multicultural and culturally diverse cities in Australia, with more than half of the residents having been born overseas, mostly in non-English speaking countries.〔http://www.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/default.asp?iDocID=28&iNavCatID=45&iSubCatID=166〕 The majority of residents speak a language other than English at home, with the two most common ones being Arabic and Assyrian Neo-Aramaic.〔 Fairfield is an ethnic enclave of Vietnamese migrants and Vietnamese Australians.〔B. Furze, P. Savy, R. Brym, J. Lie, Sociology in Today's World, 2008, p. 349〕 ==History== The earliest recorded visit to the Fairfield District by Europeans is described in William Bradley's Journal where he noted an expedition from Rose Hill to Prospect Creek to determine whether Prospect Creek led to Botany Bay. Bradley described a place on the Creek where the water changed from fresh to salt with a drop of . The presence of salt water confirmed Prospect Creek's connection to the sea.〔A Voyage to New South Wales - William Bradley NLA No.Aus 68-1986 p168〕 Frenchman Gabriel Louis Marie Huon de Kerrileau, a soldier in the NSW Corps arrived in the colony in 1794, having fled France during the French Revolution. In 1807 he received a grant of in the centre of Fairfield, which he named ''Castel Paul''. By 1814 ''Castel Paul'' had been combined, by subsequent owners, with several similarly sized grants to form a largely uncleared estate. The free settler John Horsley purchased the estate in that year and named it ''Mark Lodge'', after family properties in Essex, England.〔NSWBMD V18341819, 18/1834; Horsley, John〕 Horsley, a Magistrate and Coroner at Liverpool (1825-1834), and his large family were among the pioneers of European settlement in the Fairfield District. Later, a Colonial Treasurer, Thomas Ware Smart (1810–1881) bought the estate and in the 1860s built the mansion, 'Fairfield House'.〔The Book of Sydney Suburbs'', Compiled by Frances Pollon, Angus & Robertson Publishers, 1990, Published in Australia ISBN 0-207-14495-8, page 103〕 Fairfield railway station was opened in 1856 and has the oldest surviving railway building in New South Wales. Development began in the mid 19th century supported by railway construction in 1856. Around the start of the 20th century the area had a population of 2,500 people and with fertile soils, produced crops for distribution in Sydney. Electricity was connected in 1921.〔''Sydney's Forgotten Quarry Railways'' Oakes, John ISBN 0-9757870-3-9 pp28-37〕 Rapid population increase after World War II saw the settlement of many ex-service men and European migrants. Large scale Housing Commission development in the 1950s swelled the population to 38,000. By 1979, the population had reached 120,000 and the City was becoming one of the larger Local Government Areas in New South Wales. In recent years it has been dubbed the murder capital of Sydney because of the increased wave of murders and gun crime which has happened recently. 〔http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/the-fight-for-fairfield-after-it-was-branded-the-murder-and-shooting-capital-of-nsw/story-e6freuzi-1226274490033〕 Image:Fairfield Clock Tower.JPG|Clock Tower, The Crescent Park Image:Fairfield International Monument.JPG|International Monument 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fairfield, New South Wales」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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